Machine for forming and driving rivets



(No Model.) 2 SheetsSheet' 1.

v GARE. MAGHINE FOR FORMING AND DRIVING RIVETS, 856., INTO SOLES. N0;551,1

18. Patented 1160.101895] (No Model.) v -2 Sheets-Sheet 2. T. GARE,MACHINE FOR FORMING AND DRIVING RIVBTS, 650., INTO SOLES.

5 9 8 1 0 1 m e D a y W/// t a P. r a no 1 1 1 5 5 0 N UNITED STATESPATENT =OEFIcE.

THOMAS GARE, OF STOOKPORT, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO THE GARE IWIACHINECOMPANY, LIMITED, OF SAME PLACE.

MACHINE FOR FORMING AND DRIVING RIVETS, &c., INTO SOLES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 551,118, dated December10, 1895.

Application filed May28, 1895. Serial No. 550,932. (No model.) Patentedin England March 10, 1894, No. 5,037, and January 18,1895,N0.1,195.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS GARE, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, and a resident of Stockport, in the county of Chester, England,have invented new and useful Improvements in Machines for Forming andDriving Rivets, Studs, or Nails used Principally in the Manufacture ofCoverings for the Feet, (for which I have obtained in Great BritainProvisional Protections No. 5,037, dated March 10, 1894, and No. 1,195,dated January 18, 1895,) of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in machines for forming rivets,studs, nails, or pegs, and for driving the same into material to befastened together or to be furnished therewith, principally such as thesoles and heelsin the manufacture of coverings for the feet.

The object of my invention is chiefly to provide means for forming anddriving in one machine, successively, headed rivets, studs, or nailswithout Waste of material, and which means will produce a better headand point and are more reliable in action than heretofore has been thecase, and always a rivet, &c., in advance.

My invention comprises also means for driving rivets, studs, nails, orpegs at an incline, for feeding the material, and varying more readilyeither by hand or automatically, in accordance with the varyingthickness of the work, the length of the rivets, studs, nails, or pegsto be driven, and means for reliably varying automatically the drop ofthe work-support shaft according to the thickness of the work.

I attain these objects by the mechanism illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, in which Figure 1, Sheet 1, is a front view, Fig. 2 a sideview, and Figs. 3 and 4 backviews, of a machine constructed inaccordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is an improved construction ofwork-support. Figs. 5 and 6 are detached plans in connection with Figs.4 and 2, respectively. Figs. 7, 11, 12, 14,15, and 17, Sheet II, areenlarged front views, partly in section, of the rivet, &c., pointing andheading bars, and adjacent parts. Fig. 9 is a sectional side view ofFig. 7; Fig. 10, a plan of the presser-foot and rivet, &c., throat.Figs.

8, 13, and 16 are plans of Figs. 7, 12, and 14, respectively, and Fig.18 a plan of a modification of the heading-die. Fig. 19 are details ofthe heading-punch.

Similar letters refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

In carrying out my invention and referring to Figs. 1 and 3, I employ amovable head part a, carrying an awl-slide, and actuated laterallyintermittently by a suitably-shaped cam fixed on the driving-shaft p, astation ary head part a, carrying a laterally-stationary driver I),operated by a suitable cam or projection, and a jack or last orhornsupport for the work to be operated upon. The head part a isactuated laterally intermittently by a cam fixed on the driving-shaft19, positioned inside the same and formed and timed to actuate it duringone revolution, as follows, viz: First, to move the said head to theleft to permit the heading-die to open slightly, and then cause the headto dwell while the rivet, &c., previously made is released from the gripof the said die and pushed down the same; second, to move the said headfarther to the left, and bring the rivet, 850., material guide over thedie and the throat in line with the latter, and then cause the said headto dwell while the rivet, &c., material is fed into the heading-dies, arivet-blank is severed, and the respective end of the material ispointed and the heading-die preliminary closed; third, to move the saidhead to the right and cause it to dwell while the previously-formedrivet, &c. is driven into the work and the blank in the dies is headed,thus producing always a rivet,

' &c., in advance.

Upon the stationary head part a I employ a two-part die-bar d d, thepart (I being stationary and the partd laterally movable and under theinfluence of a spring. By preference I hinge the die-bar d d to afulcrum or stud e, screwed into the stationary head part a. The innerside of each of the bar parts d d I furnish with a die f f, (see moreparticularly Figs. 7 to 18,) respectively, having a vertical groove 9,which when brought together form a die-hole, which, in connection withanother bar 71, serves for the formation of the rivet, stud, or nail.The grooves g may be roughened near their upper ends, so as to grip therivet, &c., material 1' more securely during the formation of the headand point, and to provide it with impressions which give the rivet, &c.,more security in the work into which it is afterward driven.

The dies f f I form in he and she fashion, (see Figs. 13 and 16,) so asto interlock and thus guide the rivet, &c., material and prevent therivet, &c., formed from falling sidewise out of the die. The she part Imay form in two parts f hinged together, (see Fig. 18,) under theinfluence of a spring g, the he part f having two recesses f adapted toengage and lock the said she parts on the die-bars (Z 0! being closed,and thus grip the rivet, &c., material from three sides in lieu of twoonly, while on the diebars (Z (1 opening the spring g quickly releasesthe rivet, &c., from the grip of the she die parts f.

If deemed necessary, I may employ in the back of the she die Part a studf (see Figs. 12 to 15,) with beveled end and under the influence of aspring 9 which when the dies ff open pushes the rivet, &c., formedlaterally out of the she die j".

The bar h is employed above and in contact with the dies f f and adaptedto move laterally, preferably on the fulcrum e. The bar It has avertical hole 2", which serves as a guide in feeding the rivet, &c.,material 1' into the dies f f and a hole for the reception of a punch k,which operates in conjunction with the dies f f and serves to head andafterward push the rivet, stud, or nail formed a short,

distance down the dies ff, or altogether into the throat Z, employedbelow the latter. The upper ends of the dies f f are formed with acountersunk part an, adapted to receive the respective end of the punch7c. The bottom of the said countersunk part may be beveled and the faceof the punch 7t formed level, as shown in Figs. 7 to 15, or the bottomof the said countersunk. part may be formed level, as shown in Fig. 17,and the face of the punch it slightly hollow, so as to produce rivets,studs, or nails with raised heads of any suitable shape and design. Thelatter form of dies and punch is, however, preferable, as the rivet,&c., will be laterally retained by the punch 71; and thus released fromthe grip of the dies when they open, owing to the rivet head being inthe punch 7x). It also obviates the necessity of imparting a secondthrust to the punch to punch the rivet, &c., down the dies.

The lower end of the punch in shape and diameter corresponds with thatof the countersunk part in the die f f, and is thereby always retainedin a line with the rivet, 850., thus insuring the head being formedconcentrically on the same. In some cases I may form the face of thepunch with a projecting rib it, (see Fig. 19,) adapted to press a slitacross the head of the rivet, &c., in imitation of a screw or splithead. In the under side of the bar his employed in connection with thefeed or guide hole 1', a combined die and cutter n n, formed in twoparts and rendered interchangeable, the part at being in actionstationary and the part at movable. The bar h has thus threefunctions-viz., that of guiding the rivet, &c. material 'i,when beingfed, that of carrying the die and cutter combined, which simultaneouslypoints the rivet, &c., material '6 and severs a blank therefrom, andthat of carrying and guiding the punch 70. The inner ends of thecombined die and cutter n 01', (see Fig. 9,) are beveled off, and insevering the rivet, &c., material press a chisel-point onto the end ofthe same. The movable part a of the pointing and severing die n 'n isemployed in the bar 77. behind the rivet, &c., material 2', and isreciprocated by means of a slide 0, guided in the framework of themachine, under the influence of a springo (see more particularly Figs.2, 3, and 8,) and actuated by a cam 0 fixed on the driving-shaft p, thesaid slide having a diagonal slot 0 which engages a projection n formedon the die part n. The die part n is rendered adjustable by such as awedge 92 and set-screws 17:, (see Figs. 8 and 9,) so as to be able tocompensate for the wear thereof.

At the side of the stationary head part a of the machine (see Figs. 1and 2) is mounted a rocking-shaft q, having fixed at each end a lever qand (1 the lever (1 being acted upon by a cam 19 011 the driving'shaftp, and the lever g adapted to contact with the movable part (1 of thedie-bars (Z and d for the pur pose of preliminary closing the same.

The punch 70 in the die-bar h is actuated by a hammer 0", having a forkr embracing it and fixed upon a shaft r carrying at its back end an armr (see Figs. 2 and 3,) under the influence of a spring o and acted uponby a cam 13 secured upon the driving-shaft p, which cam is formed withtwo throws, (see Fig. 3,) when it is intended to impart two thrusts tothe punch 75. The throat I, which is secured to the movable head part a,is formed with a bracket or extension Z, (see Figs. 1, 2, 7 to 11,)which serves as a support for the front ends of the die-bars (Z d, andbeing furnished with an adjustable stud Z as an abutment for the movabledie-bar (1. Another bracket 0 (see Figs. 1, 8, and 11) is secured to themovable head part a in front of the bracket l, which is furnished withadjustable studs 0 c and serves as an abutment for the bar h.

The upper end of the throat Zis formed with an elongated mouth Z (seeFig. 12,) which causes the rivet, 850., formed to drop readily into thesame. The lower end is formed wit-h two flats Z (see Figs. 7 and 10,)adapted to fit into a corresponding groove bin the presserfoot b ,whichforms a guide for and gives great steadiness to the throat Z. thepresser-foot b against the throat Z I form with a V-groove b and infront thereof with a slot 6 through the presser-foot, through which therivet, &c., is driven, the said V- groove 19 serving to receive andguide the point of the rivet, &c., before being driven, in lieu ofpermitting it to ride on the work, and thus insure it meetingits hole inthe same.

The jack or last work support (shown in Figs. 1 and 2) for facilitatingthe driving of rivets, &c. into the different parts of the work atvarious angles, I form as follows: The upper part of the said support,which carries the work, I mount upon springs c and the lower part upon avertical shaft 8 under the influence of a spring 8, and adapted toreceive a horn in lieu of the jack, if desirable, as hereinafterdescribed, and to be depressed automatically when the work is fed. Bypreference I place the springs 0 upon rods 0 the lower ends of which aresecured to a cross-head c and the upper ends adapted to slide in sockets0 the said springs being in compression between the said cross-head andsliding sockets. Between the sockets c is employed to swivel atoothedquadrant c and upon the cross-head c a toothed bit 0 The quadrant c islocked in position during the driving of the rivet, &c., by the bit 0which is raised in gear by the spring 3 on the jack or horn-shaft s andis unlocked while feeding the work, and the shaft 5 is depressed by thesprings 0 raising it out of gear with the bit 0 The cross-head c isadapted to swivel on a socket 0 connected by means of a universalcoupling 0 to a bracket 0 secured to the top of the aforesaid shaft 8.The front of the boot is supported on a curved rest 0 attached to thequadrant c, and the back on a bracket o pivoted to and renderedadjustable on the slide 0 by means of a spring-pin 0 and handle 0. Tohold the said jack or last support against the sole-guide a and thusbalance it, I attach to the same a band or its equivalent a under theinfluence of a weight ro or spring.

The jack or last support described obviates the necessity of holding thework against the presser-foot or looking and unlocking the said quadrantc by hand, or both, as hereinbefore has been the case, thus'renderingboth actions automatic.

In lieu of the jack or last support described for certain class of workwhere the rivet, &c. requires to be driven into the work at one angle Iemploy a horn-support 8 adapted to swivel at an incline to thehorn-shaft 8, (see Fig. 2 preferably by furnishing the top of thehorn-shaft s with a bracket 8 having a shaft or stud s positioned at anincline to the horn-shaft s, or the upper end of the latter may becranked at an incline and the horn s permitted to swivel thereon. Theobject under operation placed upon the horn s is thus presented at anincline to the rivet, stud, or

The surface of other end of the lever 29 engaging a slide 25 under theinfluence of a spring 19, carrying a feed-lever t under the influence ofa spring and operating in connection with a projection 25 on the slide tbetween which the rivet, &c., material 2' passes on its way to thedie-bar 7L and d d. r The awl-slide t on its upward movement, throughthe intermediate lever t causes the feed-lever t to be depressed, andthus grip the rivet, &c., material 1' and draw it down, the duration ofthe grip being controlled by a projection 10, against which thefeed-lever t is timed to abut when the rivet, &c., material has been fedthe required distance. The projection to may be rendered adjustable on avertically stationary part of the head a of the machine, or on an arm itconnected to the jack or horn shafts, adapted to rise and fall with thesame.

When rendering the projection u adjustable, it takes the form of anincline on adisk m (see Figs. 2 and 6,) having a handle a in connectionwith two adjustable screws 1%, which form an abutment for the handle aby means of which the said incline can be set, and thus the time ofcontact of the feed-lever i varied as may be required to vary the lengthof rivet, &c., to be formed.

To the jack or horn cam-lever v I hinge a rod o, the free end of whichis forked and engages in slot 11 studs U3, secured upon the sides of aclip or gripper w, placed on the upper end of a rod w, connected to thejack orhorn-shaft lever w The said clip or gripper is adapted to bedrawn tight on the rod w, and to release the same alternately by ascrewed stud 10 furnished with a lever y, connected by means of a rod yto the free end of the jack or horn cam-lever o.

The means described for feeding the rivet, &c. material for pointing,heading, and driving the rivets, studs, or nails, and the cam on thedriving-shaft p, which actuates the movable head part a operate inconjunction with each other, as follows: When feeding the rivet, stud,or nail material '5, the feed or guide hole t" in the bar h and the hole9 in the two-part heading-die ff are positioned vertically ina line witheach other, as shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, ff being slightly open, so asto allow of the rivet, &c., material 2 being fed a certain distance intoit while the head part a is dwelling. The cam 19 on the driving-shaft19, through the connections q q (1 then preliminary closes the die-barsd (1 while the movable part n of the combined die and cutter is forcedtoward its stationary part n by the cam 0 on the driving-shaft and itsconnections 0, 0 and n so as to point a rivet, &c., and sever a blankfrom the rivet, &c., material 0; simultaneously by pressure. (See moreparticularly Fig. 9.) The head part a by the respective cam on thedriving-shaft p is then caused to move to the right and the stud Zabutting against the movable die-bar (1 looks the heading-dies f fsecurely together, (see Figs. 12 and 13,) and the left stud c on thebracket 0 abutting in the meantime against the die-bar 71 brings theheading-punch 7.: in line over the rivet, &c., blank severed, while thehead a dwells and the previously-made rivet, &c., is driven into thework under operation. (See Fig. 12.) While the head a, is stilldwelling, the punch 7.; is actuated by the hammer r and punches a headonto the rivet-blank. The movable head part a is then caused to move alittle to the left by the aforesaid cam, sufficient to release thedie-bar d, (see Fig. 14 in which position the head a dwells. The punchthen being still over the head of the rivet, stud, or nail in theheading-die f f receives a second thrust, pushing down and therebyreleasing the rivet, &c., from the grip of the die f f. Theheading-punch 7c is then lifted out of the latter by its fork r, so asto permit the head part a being moved by the aforesaid cam farther tothe left. The right stud c on the bracket 0 contacting with the die-barIt brings its feed or guide hole t in line over the die-hole g andthroat Z again. (See Fig. 7.) The head part a then dwells and thefeeding of the material takes place, which causes the finished rivet,stud, or nail, if not previously removed by the punch 70, to be pushedinto the throat Z, which 011 the return movement of the head a to theright, caused by the said cam, brings the said rivet, stud, or nailbelow the driver 1) of the machine. (See Fig. 15.)

IVhat I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent,is

1.. I11 combination with a laterally movable head part a, a two partheading die bar (I, d, and a rivet, duo. material guide bar h arrangedabove the die bars one of the die bars d, cl, being stationary and theother as well as the guide bar h movable laterally with the laterallymovable head, all substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In combination, a laterally movable bar 70 having a feed hole '0' forthe material, the cutters n, n carried in the bar with means foroperating the cutters, a driver, the heading dies, a punch carried bythe laterally movable bar, means for operatingthe punch, and a laterallymovable head, arranged to operate the bar, substantially as described.

3. In combination, the laterally movable bar having the feeding hole,the cutters carried by the bar, means for operating the same, the punchalso carried by the bar and means for operating the punch, substantiallyas described.

4. In combination, the die, a bar h having a feeding hole and a punchreciprocating through the bar and means for operating the punch,substantially as described.

5. In combination, the two part die f, f" adapted to receive the nailblank between them, one of said dies being movable toward and from theother and forming between them a counter sunk recess to receive the endof the nail blank and a punch with means for operating it in a directionlengthwise of the die cavity, the said dies being separated for thepassage of the headed nail between them, substantially as described.

6. In combination the nail driver with op erating means, nail feedingmeans and the two part die, one of which is movable toward and from theother, one of said die members having a W-shaped projection and theother an M shaped recess, substantially as described.

7. In combination, the nail punch and the two part die, one part movabletoward and from each other and having the movable jaws adapted toreceive the nail blank between them and the other member having a recessto receive the projections, substantially as described.

8. The rivet, &c., throat Z formed with two flats l' in combination witha presser foot b having a groove 1) adapted to receive the said throatand a V groove b below the latter ending in a slot Z) for guiding therivet, &c., all substantially as set forth.

9. In combination, apunch, a nail material feeding means, a two part dieone member of which is movable toward and from the other to clasp thenail material on its opposite sides and means for positively operatingthe movable die member, said die members separating for the passage ofthe headed nail between them, the punch and nail material feeding meansbeing moved alternately into line with the space between the dies,substantially as described.

10. In combination, in a nailing machine, a cutting mechanism comprisingthe two outters n, n, one of which is movable and is provided with aprojection and a slide having an inclined slot receiving the saidprojection with means for operating the slide, the swinging supportcarrying the cutters and the punch carried by said support,substantially as described.

11. A jack or last support comprising a quadrant O, springs c forapplying a pressure to the same, a toothed bit engaging the quadrant, ashaft or main support 8 connected with the bit and a spring 8 on theshaft adapted to hold the bit engaging the quadrant, the said springs cacting to release the quadrant from the said bit, substantially asdescribed.

12. In combination in a nailing machine, cutting and driving mechanismand feeding mechanism comprising a slide i a lever 11 carried therebyand adapted to grip the nail material, a lever t connected to the slide,a

operating the slide and means for determining the engagement of the feedlever with the nail material comprising an adjustable proj ection or arm10 in the path of the feed lever, substantially as described.

14. In combination, with the last supporting standard, a lever '22 withoperating means, the two rods 4; y suspended therefrom, the lower end ofthe rod 1; being forked and slotted, a clip to having studs 12 engagingthe slots, a rod w carrying the clip, aconnection between the rod andthe standard, a screw for tightening the clip and a lever 'y fortightening the screwsaid lever being connected with the depending rod y,substantially as described.

15. In combination, the two part die, one

part of which is movable toward and from the other, means for closingthe die, on the nail material, a laterally movable head adapted to lockthe die members in closed position, a throat carried by the head to movethe completed nail laterally from the dies and nail feeding and punchingmechanism, substantially as described.

16. In combination, the two part die, one member of which is movabletoward and from the other, the guide carrying a punch, and a feedinghole, a throat piece, a laterally movable head carrying the same, andhaving projections to contact with the guide to move it laterally andalso to lock the dies and means for moving the head, substantially asdescribed.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

THOMAS GARE.

Witnesses:

ALFRED BOSSHARDT, STANLEY E. BRAMALL.

